Articles

Hiker studying a topographic map with visible contour lines on a mountain ridge at sunset

Reading Topographic Maps for Better Time Estimates

Learn how to read contours, slope, and terrain on topo maps to turn distance and elevation into accurate hiking time estimates—even on unfamiliar trails.

Hiker climbing a mountain trail with visible steep and gentle grades along a ridgeline.

Understanding Trail Grade and Its Impact on Hiking Time

Learn how trail grade (slope) affects hiking speed and fatigue. Use simple formulas, grade bands, and real-world examples to make more accurate time plans.

Hiker with trekking poles descending a rocky switchback trail at golden hour in a mountain valley

Estimating Downhill Hiking Time: Grade, Surface, and Fatigue

Downhill isn’t always faster. Learn to estimate downhill hiking time using grade, surface, and fatigue—so your end-of-day plan matches real trail pace.

Hikers ascending a mountain trail with steep terrain and a distant valley under golden-hour light

Naismith vs. Book Time: Estimating Hiking Time Accurately

Learn how to estimate hiking time using Naismith’s Rule and AMC Book Time, including descent and terrain adjustments, with a step-by-step method and examples.

Hiker checking watch and topographic map at alpine mountain pass during golden hour sunset, planning safe turnaround time

How to Calculate Safe Turnaround Times for Day Hikes

Set a firm turnaround time using proven hiking time formulas, daylight margins, and risk cues so you get back safely without rushing.